Зависимости и окружающая среда
Apr. 9th, 2015 06:42 am![[personal profile]](https://www.dreamwidth.org/img/silk/identity/user.png){kind=small}
healthy_back_18 Что уже было: http://healthy-back.livejournal.com/326253.html
http://www.thefix.com/content/ending-drug-war-interview-johann-hari
Bruce built Rat Park, which is like heaven for rats. Anything a rat could conceivably want is in Rat Park: nice little colored balls, nice food, and loads of friends, sex, whatever a rat wants. On top of that, there are the water bottles: one laced with drugs and the other is just regular water. In Rat Park, the rats don’t like the drugged water. They hardly used any of it. None of them used it compulsively and none of them overdosed.
You go from virtually everyone in isolation using loads of it and almost always dying to virtually no one doing that in Rat Park. Bruce began to realize that the right and left-wing theory of addiction are both wrong. The right-wing theory is that it is a moral failing, that you’re a hedonist, you party too hard and kind of fall into it. The left-wing theory is, you know, a brain disease, it takes you over, “hijacked,” you can’t help yourself.
What Bruce says is that it is neither your morality nor your brain—it’s your cage, your environment. Addiction is an adaptation to your environment. Bruce is not saying that this is the sole explanation for addiction, but that it is a very significant one that has been massively neglected.
По поводу функционирования общества, см. Мышиная Вселенная http://www.darchik.ru/xochu_vse_znat/940-myshinaya-vselennaya.html (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1644264/pdf/procrsmed00338-0007.pdf)
http://www.thefix.com/content/ending-drug-war-interview-johann-hari
Bruce built Rat Park, which is like heaven for rats. Anything a rat could conceivably want is in Rat Park: nice little colored balls, nice food, and loads of friends, sex, whatever a rat wants. On top of that, there are the water bottles: one laced with drugs and the other is just regular water. In Rat Park, the rats don’t like the drugged water. They hardly used any of it. None of them used it compulsively and none of them overdosed.
You go from virtually everyone in isolation using loads of it and almost always dying to virtually no one doing that in Rat Park. Bruce began to realize that the right and left-wing theory of addiction are both wrong. The right-wing theory is that it is a moral failing, that you’re a hedonist, you party too hard and kind of fall into it. The left-wing theory is, you know, a brain disease, it takes you over, “hijacked,” you can’t help yourself.
What Bruce says is that it is neither your morality nor your brain—it’s your cage, your environment. Addiction is an adaptation to your environment. Bruce is not saying that this is the sole explanation for addiction, but that it is a very significant one that has been massively neglected.
По поводу функционирования общества, см. Мышиная Вселенная http://www.darchik.ru/xochu_vse_znat/940-myshinaya-vselennaya.html (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1644264/pdf/procrsmed00338-0007.pdf)
